Similar work will also be performed with US collected vectors to ensure non native ticks can be rapidly and accurately identified. Data will be compiled and used to develop algorithms to identify vectors. Laboratory infected arthropods will be collected for MALDI-TOF MS analyses and used as controls. They will also be screened for vector-borne pathogens to determine their infection status. Samples will first be morphologically identified using relevant morphological keys and then subjected to MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to generate spectra. Vectors collected overseas from East Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania), West Africa (Senegal, Nigeria), and South America/the Caribbean (Venezuela, Martinique, Trinidad, Peru) will be collected. The positive controls used for these assays will be generated from our UTMB collection of bacteria and viruses or provided by the CDC. Samples will be screened by qPCR for vector-borne pathogens prior to being subjected to MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to generate spectra. Sanger sequencing will be used to identify arthropod species based on their Cox1, 12S, 18S and other genes validated for arthropod identification. Formally identified samples will be selected. Non-infected arthropod collection samples stored will be used for the first stages of database development. This project will generate databases for the identification of various arthropod vectors of interest and the detection of their associated pathogens. This project will develop Maldi-Tof protocols and reference sets for foreign vectors. Furthermore, species identification has been refined to identify populations within species, allowing for precise and accurate surveillance of population changes. Species identification using MALDI-TOF MS is highly accurate and can be used to differentiate species belonging to the same complex (e.g., mosquito Gambiae complex). The MALDITOF MS used in positive-ion mode allows routine microbial identification, while the negative-ion mode broadens the microbial research applications such as lipid analysis. It has been successfully applied to medical entomology over the past few years and allowed the identification of arthropod vectors such as ticks, mosquitoes, fleas, live, sandflies, triatomines, bed bugs, etc. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a large biomolecule identification method extensively used in clinical bacteriology to identify bacterial pathogens from human samples. Project Type: Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement doi: 10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2009.02.001.MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry as an Additional Tool for Vector-borne Disease Surveillance Global Importance of Ticks and Associated Infectious Disease Agents. Tick-Pathogen Interactions and Vector Competence: Identification of Molecular Drivers for Tick-Borne Diseases. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00032-13.ĭe la Fuente J., Antunes S., Bonnet S., Cabezas-Cruz A., Domingos A.G., Estrada-Peña A., Johnson N., Kocan K.M., Mansfield K.L., Nijhof A.M., et al. Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: A Geographic Approach. Parola P., Paddock C.D., Socolovschi C., Labruna M.B., Mediannikov O., Kernif T., Abdad M.Y., Stenos J., Bitam I., Fournier P.-E., et al. Systematics and evolution of ticks with a list of valid genus and species names. Ticks and Tickborne Bacterial Diseases in Humans: An Emerging Infectious Threat. impeltatum.Īlgeria Anaplasma platys Coxiella burnetii Hyalomma MALDI-TOF MS camels ticks. The direct identification of yeasts from blood culture bottles will be possible in a routine fashion with new standardized procedures. dromedarii in Algeria and a potentially new Ehrlichia sp. We also report the first detection of an Anaplasma sp. dromedarii (2/91 2.20%) tested positive by qPCR for Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever. All 74 specimens were correctly identified by MALDI-TOF MS, with logarithmic score values ranging from 1.701 to 2.507, with median and mean values of 2.199 and 2.172 ± 0.169, respectively. The spectra of the remaining tick specimens not included in the MS database were queried against the upgraded database. Our homemade MALDI-TOF MS arthropod spectra database was then updated with the new MS spectra of 14 specimens of molecularly confirmed species in this study. Next, the legs of all ticks were subjected to MALDI-TOF MS, and 88/91 specimens provided good-quality MS spectra. Ninety-one adult ticks were collected from nine camels and were morphologically identified as Hyalomma spp., Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma excavatum, Hyalomma impeltatum and Hyalomma anatolicum. This study used MALDI-TOF MS and molecular tools to identify tick species infesting camels from Tamanrasset in southern Algeria and to investigate their associated microorganisms.
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